Math: Algebra

Pre-K-5: Instructional programs from Pre-Kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to understand patterns, relations and functions.

• In Pre-Kindergarten through grade 2, all students should sort, classify, and order objects by size, number, and other properties.
• In grades 3-5, all students should be able to represent and analyze patterns and functions, using words, tables and graphs.

Math: Data Analysis and Probability

Pre-K-5: Instructional programs from Pre-Kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize and display relevant data to answer them.

• In Pre-Kindergarten through grade 2, all students should sort and classify objects according to their attributes and organize data about the objects.
• In Pre-Kindergarten through grade 2, all students should represent data using concrete objects, pictures and graphs.
• In grades 3-5, all students should represent data using tables and graphs such as line plots, bar graphs and line graphs.
• In grades 3-5, all students should recognize the differences in representing categorical and numerical data.

Math: Problem Solving

Pre-K-12: Instructional programs from Pre-Kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to formulate questions that can be addressed with problem solving.

• In Pre-Kindergarten through grade 12, all students should apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems.

Standards are listed with permission from Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, copyright 2000 by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). NCTM does not endorse the content or validity of these alignments.

Source: Principles and Standards for School Mathematics

Science: Physical Science

• As a result of the activities in grades K-4, all students should develop an understanding of properties of objects and materials.
• As a result of the activities in grades 5-8, all students should develop an understanding of properties and changes of properties in matter.

Source: National Science Education Standards

Venn diagrams are versatile learning tools that enable students to classify objects, understand relationships between objects and determine differences between objects. Such learning tools can be applied across curriculum at various academic levels. As students group objects, they engage in problem solving and critical thinking skills.

Figure A

Figure B

Supplies Used: Adhesive Letters, Black Marker, Cardstock, Colored Pencils, Crayons, Glue, Scissors, Tape, Vellum

The teacher will die-cut the materials for student use prior to the lesson.

1. Use a 18" x 12" green sheet of cardstock or construction paper for the Venn diagram.
2. Use hand-printed or adhesive letters to make the title for the poster and place in the lower left corner.
3. Draw three 8" concentric circles on the right side of the poster using a black marker. With a black marker or adhesive letters, label the three circles: Bigger Than A Person, Gray and Moves By Itself (Figure A).
4. Die-cut the SM Eiffel Tower from black cardstock or construction paper. Adhere the Tower in the "Bigger Than A Person" circle.
5. Die-cut the DC Mountain Range Border from brown and white construction paper. Cut away one Mountain from each range. Leave the brown Mountain whole. Adhere a snow cap from the corresponding white Mountain to the brown Mountain. Adhere the completed Mountain in the "Bigger Than A Person" circle.
6. Die-cut the DC City Skyline Border from gray construction paper. Cut away some buildings from the Skyline. Adhere in the overlapping circles of "Gray" and "Bigger Than A Person" (see Main Photo).
7. Die-cut the SM Elephant #1 from light gray, dark gray and white construction paper. Leave the dark gray Elephant whole. Cut highlights from the light gray Elephant and adhere to the dark gray Elephant. Cut the white tusk and adhere to the gray Elephant (Figure B). Adhere the Elephant in the middle of the three concentric circles (see Main Photo).
8. Die-cut the SM Crayon from three shades of gray construction paper. Leave the medium gray Crayon whole. Cut highlights from the dark and light gray papers and adhere to the medium gray Crayon. Adhere in the "Gray" circle (see Main Photo).
9. Die-cut the SM Key #2 from gray construction paper. Adhere in the "Gray" circle.
10. Die-cut the SM Rabbit #1 from gray and white construction paper. Leave the gray Rabbit whole. Cut highlights from the white Rabbit and adhere to the gray Rabbit. Add other highlights with black marker. Adhere in the "Gray" and "Moves By Itself" circles (see Main Photo).
11. Die-cut the SM Firefly from vellum and yellow and red construction paper. Cut the wings off the yellow Firefly. Cut the wings from the vellum Firefly and adhere to the yellow Firefly body. Cut the head from the red Firefly and adhere to the yellow Firefly. Use a black marker to color the body of the yellow Firefly. Adhere in the "Moves By Itself" circle (see Main Photo).
12. Die-cut the SM Scottie from black construction paper. Tape a small piece of white paper behind the eye openings. Adhere the Puppy in the "Moves By Itself" circle (see Main Photo).
13. Die-cut the SM Basic Beginnings Giraffe from patterned construction paper. Add highlights with a black marker. Adhere the Giraffe in the "Moves By Itself" and "Bigger Than A Person" circles (see Main Photo).